|
|
Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Swartz., Languas galanga (Linn.) Stuntz. |
|
|
Zingiberaceae |
|
|
Galangal, False galangal, Greater galanga |
|
|
|
1.
ข่ามีฤทธิ์ลดการบีบตัวของลำไส้ โดยพบสารออกฤทธิ์ คือ cineole (1,
2), camphor (2, 3)
2.
ข่ามี eugenol (5)
3.
ข่ามีน้ำมันหอมระเหย (6)
4.
ข่ามีสารออกฤทธิ์ คือ 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (7),
1'-acetoxyeugenol acetate (7)
5. ฤทธิ์ยับยั้งแผลในกระเพาะอาหาร
ข่ามีสารออกฤทธิ์คือ 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (11, 12) และ 1'-acetoxyeugenol acetate (11)
6.
สารสกัดข่าด้วยไดเอทิลอีเธอร์ ปิโตรเลียมอีเธอร์ และน้ำกลั่นสามารถฆ่าเชื้อแบคทีเรีย
Escherichia coli (13)
7.
สารสกัดข่าด้วยน้ำกลั่น (15, 16) เมทานอล (16) ไดคลอโรมีเทน (16) เฮกเซน
(16) หรืออัลกอฮอล์ (17) สามารถฆ่าเชื้อรา คือ Microsporum gypseum
(15-22), Trichophyton rubrum
8.
ได้มีการศึกษาการรักษากลากโดยใช้ข่าเปรียบเทียบกับ tolnaftate พบว่าได้ผล (24)
9.1 การทดสอบความเป็นพิษ
เมื่อฉีดสารสกัด 50%
สารสกัดเมทานอลจากเหง้าข่าที่ความเข้มข้น
20
9.3 ฤทธิ์ก่อกลายพันธุ์
สารสกัดเหง้าข่าด้วยน้ำและน้ำร้อน ขนาด 0.5 มล./
![]()
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. Haginiwa J, Harada M, Morishita I. Properties of essential oil components of aromatics and their pharmacological effect on mouse intestine. Pharmacological studies on crud drugs. VII. Yakugaku Zasshi 1963; 83: 624.
2. Evans BK, James KC, Luscombe DK. Quantitative structure-activity relationships and carminative activity. J Pharm Sci 1978; 6: 227.
3. Cabo J, Crespo ME, Jimenez J, Zarzvelo A. The activity of the major components of their essential oils. The spasmolytic activity of various aromatic plants from the province of granada. I. Plant Med Phytother 1986; 203: 213-8.
4. Bennett A, Stamford IF, Tavares IA, Jacobs S, et al. Studies on prostagglandins, the intestine and other tissues. The Biological activity of eugenol, a major constituent of nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans). Phytother Res 23 1988; 23: 124-30.
5. Yamahara J, Kobayashi M, Saiki Y, Sawada T, Fujimura H. Biologically active principles of crud drugs: Pharmacological evaluation of cholagogue substances in clove and its properties. J Pharmacobio-Dyn 1983; 6(5): 281-6.
6. Ross MSF, Brain KR. An introduction to phytopharmacy. London: Pitman Publishing Ltd., 1977, 158-176.
7. Yu J, Fang H, Chen Y, Yao Z. Identification of the chemical components of two Alpinia species. Zhongyao Tongbao 1988; 13(6): 354-6.
8. Dewhirst FE. Eugenol, a prototype phenolic prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, it's anti-inframmatory activity, it's effects on sheep vestebular. Univ Rochester 1979: 191.
9. Sundari SKK, Valarmathi R, Dayabaran D, Mohamed PN. Studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of Gugula Thiktha Kashayam (GTK). Indian drugs 2001; 38(7) 380-2.
10. Venkataranganna MV, Gopumadhavan S, Mitra SK, Anturlikar SD. Anti-inflammatory activity of JCB, a polyherbal formation. Indian drugs 2000; 37(11): 543-6.
11. Matsuda H, Pongpiriyadacha Y, Morikawa T, Momotaro O, Yoshikawa M. Gastroprotective effects of phenylpropanoids from the rhizomes of Alpinia galanga in rats: structural requirements and mode of action. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 471(1): 59-67.
12. Ogiso A, Kobayashi S. Antiulcer agents from Alpinia seeds. Japan Kokai 74 36, 817 1974; 3PP.
13.
14. Okazaki K, Oshima S. Antibacterial activity of higher plants. XX. Antimicrobial effect of essential oils. (1). Clove oil and eugenol. J Pharm Soc Japan 1952; 72: 558-60.
15. Sindhuphak R, Tirnapragit A, Gindamporn A, Sindhuphuk W. The antifungal activity of some Thai plants. Thai J Hlth Resch 1992; 6(1): 9-20.
16.
17.
19. Achararit C, Punyayong W, Ruchatakomut E. Antifungal activity of some Thai medicinal plants. Special Project for The degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy. Mahidol University, Thailand, 1983.
20. Trakranrungsie N, Chatchawanchonteera A, Khunkitti W. Comparative anti-dermatophytic effect of Piper betle, Alpenia galanga and Allium ascalonicum extracts. The sixth JSPS-NRCT joint seminar: recent advances in natural medicine research, Bangkok, Thailand, Dec 2-4, 2003.
21. Chatchawanchonteera A, Suriyasathaporn W, Trakranrungsie N. Antifungal activity of Alpinia galanga and Allium ascalonicum extract. Thai J Pharmacol 2003; 25(1): 85.
22. Ficker CE, Smith ML, Susiarti S, Leaman DJ, Irawati C, Arnason JT. Inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by members of Zingiberaceae used by the Kenyah (Indonesian Borneo). J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 85: 289-93.
23. Jassen AM, Scheffer JJC. Acetoxyhydroxychavicol acetate, an antifungal component of Alpinia galanga. Planta Med 1985; 6: 507-11.
24. Shaiphanich C, Wuthiudomlert M, Sawasdimongkol O, Saowakhont R. Languas galanga cream for treatment of ringworm. Report of medicinal plants for the primary health care project, 1984.
25. Bhakuni OS, Dhar ML, Dhar MM, Dhawan BN, Merotra BN. Screening of Indian plants for biological activity. Part II. Indian J Exp Biol 1969; 7: 250-62.
26. Dhawan BN, Patnaik GK, Rastogi RP, Singh KK, Tandon JS. Screening of Indian plants for biological activity. VI. Indian J Exp Biol 1977; 15: 208-19.
27. Chopra IC, Khajuria BN, Chopra CL. Antibacterial properties of volatile principles from Alpinia galanga and Acorus calamus. Antibiot Chemother 1957; 7: 378.
28. Qureshi S, Shah AH, Ageel AM. Toxicity studies on Alpinia galanga and Curcuma longa. Planta Med 1992; 58: 124-7.
29. Mokkhasmit M, Swatdimongkol K, Satrawaha P. Study on toxicity of Thai medicinal plants. Bull Dept Med Sci. 1971; 12(2/4): 36-65.
30. Murakami A, Kondo A, Nakamura Y, Ohigashi H, Koshimizu K. Possible anti-tumor promoting properties of edible plants from Thailand, and identification of an active constituent, cardamonin, of Boesenbergia. Biosci Biotech Biochem 1993; 57(11): 1971-3.
31. Singh M, Pal M, Sharma RP. Biological activity of the labdane diterpenes. Planta Med 1999; 65: 2-8.
32. Ungsurungsie M, Suthienkul O, Paovalo C. Mutagenicity screening of popular Thai spices. Food Chem Toxicol 1982; 20: 527-30.
33. Schimmer O,Kruger A, Paulini H, Haefele F. An evaluation of 66 commercial plant extracts in the Ames mutagenicity test. Pharmazie 1994; 49(6): 448-51.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.